Tropical typhoons (June to December) constitute an annual threat, particularly to the low-lying atolls. In addition, the FSM faces wildfires, extreme tides, sea level variation, and erosion. The states of Pohnpei and Chuuk declared drought emergencies on several islands in these states due to food and water shortages from climate variability. At these times in the past, groundwater supplies have dwindled to an emergency state, with a major drought disaster declaration in 1998 and emergency declarations in 2007. Despite plentiful rainfall (Pohnpei is one of the wettest places on Earth), drought conditions do occur periodically throughout FSM, especially when the El Niño condition moves into the Western Pacific. With the wide variation in location and geology, the islands have a wide range of climates and experience different impacts across the country. The four states in the nation include: Pohnpei (with the FSM’s capital city in Palikir), Kosrae, Chuuk, and Yap. The Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) extends 1,700 miles (2,736 km) from east to west, forming the Eastern and Western Caroline Islands. An example of a Strategic Trust Territory is Palau.Federated States of Micronesia Federated States of Micronesia As Strategic Trust territories, the islands of Micronesia could NOT be recognized as independent by the United Nations without first gaining the approval of the United States. Strategic Trust Territories A name given to territories that the United States was "entrusted" to care for following World War II. An example of a Trust Territory is Kiribati, a Trust Territory of Australia. The Trust meant that there was an obligation on the part of the larger countries to educate the natives and provide lasting infrastructure and health care reforms. Trust Territories Islands of Micronesia that were "entrusted" to large countries by the United Nations following World War II. Free Access The ability to freely travel to any United States port to live and work without restriction. This agreement denotes close ties between the two countries, granting the natives US citizenship, yet allowing them to maintain control over their trade, EEZ, minimum wage, land ownership, and immigration. Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands A political status that was created by formal agreement between the governments of the United States and the Northern Mariana Islands. Each nation is separate and autonomous, but also united in allegiance. (CNMI agreed to become a Commonwealth of the US instead) Commonwealth A term to denote an agreement made between a smaller nation and a larger one, where there is a loyalty shared towards a central government. The former TT governments with compacts are now known as the the Repubic of Palau, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Federated States of Micronesia. In exchange for giving the United States government the right to use their islands for military defense purposes, the newly recognized island governments would receive large amounts of money, and the right of free access. Compacts of Free Association A term to denote agreements made between the United States government and the islands of the former Strategic Trust Territory. We belong to the United States and cannot become a state unless Guam votes to become incorporated. That means that Guam is not a part of the United States government. Guam is an unincorporated territory of the United States. EEZ or Exclusive Economic Zone Internationally recognized island economic zone of 200 miles of ocean surrounding an island. It is also the most heavily populated in the Gilbert islands. The three island groups are the Gilbert, Line, and Phoenix Islands. Kiribati An island nation of atolls that straddles the equator and the international dateline. At that time, it became one of the richest island nations in the Pacific because of its rich phosphate deposits. Nauru At one time a colony of Great Britain and Australia, the island claimed independence in 1966. Although the natives were evacuated to other islands, fallout from the earlier tests reached the native populations anyway. Bikini and Enewetok Islands in the RMI where the U.S. Sometimes called the slum of the Pacific because of its overcrowded conditions. Ebye A small island within the Kwajalein atoll. It is a United States missile testing center. The government passed a Compact of Free Association with the United States in 1986 Kwajalein An atoll in the Marshall islands and the largest lagoon in Micronesia. The island group has two chains of low lying atolls on the eastern edge of Mcronesia. Colonia Yap's capital Weno Chuuk's capital Tofol Kosrae's capital RMI or Republic of the Marshall Islands A presidential republic with Majuro as its capital island.
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